Top tips on creating a hospitable environment for people with dementia

There is no one-size-fits-all approach to creating a relaxing, comfortable and safe environment for people with dementia, and every home and person will be different, but by introducing some small changes we can make sure that those in our care feel as secure and happy as possible.

Décor

The visual impairment that often comes with older age is coupled with other problems associated with dementia, such as impaired depth perception, spatial disorientation and the reduced ability to perceive contrasts. This means that people with dementia can find it difficult to distinguish between very muted colours, and complex patterns can make it seem like there is someone or something jumping out towards them. Keep the environment as light and airy as you can and use bright contrasting colours on the walls, avoiding patterned wallpaper. Contrasting colours can also be used to make handrails, drawers and door handles more distinguishable and easy to navigate.

Flooring

The same principle applies to flooring as it does to walls. Opt for the same colour throughout the rooms, to prevent confusion and make it easier for residents to navigate, and steer clear of anything with heavy patterns. Rugs should be avoided as they are not only a trip hazard but can also be perceived as a hole or an object that needs to be stepped over or around. Shiny flooring should also be avoided, as it can be perceived as being wet.

Signage

Similar to all stages of life, people communicate, learn, and respond positively to different things and in different ways. This extends to signage – some people will respond better to pictures than words, and vice versa, so adding signage with both pictures and words will help people to navigate the home comfortably and safely.

Memory rooms and boxes

Surrounding people with pictures and objects that will trigger happy memories can be achieved in several ways. Simple touches in their bedroom can achieve this, such as pictures on the walls or bedroom doors to help them identify their room, or you can go as far as to create full memory rooms, which are fitted out with furniture and items that take residents back to a time period that is significant to them.

Outdoors

Being able to get outside in the open air can dramatically improve mental health and emotional wellbeing. Sensory gardens with specific plants can be introduced that attract wildlife such as butterflies, birds and bees, and classic favourites such as marigolds and pansies can help to trigger positive memories. Dead ends can cause distress and confusion so it is recommended to structure the garden so that residents can be taken on a journey around curves and walkways, that leads them back to the beginning.

More information

• The Social Care Institute for Excellence has a great video on how to create the right environment for people with dementia.